Wikipedia

Listi yfir Capsicum afbrigði

Þetta er listi yfir ræktunarafbrigði af Capsicum, sem tilheyra fimm megintegundunum (genus Capsicum): C. annuum, C. chinense, C. baccatum, C. frutescens, og C. pubescens. Vegna mikils (og stækkandi) fjölda ræktunarafbrigða, og breitileika á nafngjöf þeirra eftir svæðum, sýnir þessi listi bara brot af þeim 50,000 (áætlað) afbrigðum sem eru til.

Bird's eye (grænn), 'Madame Jeanette' (gulur), og cayenne (rauður)

Capsicum tegundir

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Það eru kannski fimmtíu þúsund Capsicum afbrigði ræktuð á heimsvísu.[1] Fræsafn USDA-ARS GRIN inniheldur eitt og sér um 6,200 Capsicum afbrigði, af þeim eru 4000 Capsicum annuum. Aðrar Capsicum tegundir í USDA germplasm repository eru: C. chinense, C. baccatum, C. frutescens, C. pubescens, C. cardenasii, C. chacoense, C. flexuosum, C. eximium, C. rhomboideum, C. galapagoense, og C. tovarii. [2]

Það eru um fimm megintegundir af Capsicum, C. annuum, C. chinense, C. baccatum, C. frutescens og C. pubescens. [3] This includes the Capsicum annuum complex, which consists of C. annuum, C. frutescens, and C. chinense.

Major species and their taxonomic varieties:[4]

  • Capsicum annuum, sem eru paprikur og sætur eldpipar, serrano, cayenne og jalapeños
  • Capsicum baccatum, sem telur Suður Amerísk afbrigði, svo sem ají amarillo, ají limon og criolla sella
  • Capsicum chinense, sem telur alla Habaneróa,[5] Scotch Bonnets, Trinidad Scorpions, Bhut Jolokia og Carolina Reaper.
  • Capsicum frutescens, sem telur Tabascos og mörg afbrigði sem eru ræktuð í Indlandi;[6] stundum ekki talin aðskiin tegund frá C. annuum.[7][8]
  • Capsicum pubescens, sem telja Rocoto og Manzano pepper, og eru einkennandi með að hafa fjólublá blóm, svört fræ og hærð dökkgræn blöð, og að vaxa sem margstofna klifurplanta, að 5 m há.

Capsicum gerðir

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Jalapeño, banana, Cayenne pipar, chili, og habanero

Afbrigði

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Capsicum annuum

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Capsicum annuum
Mynd Nafn Gerð Uppruni Styrkur Belgstærð Lýsing
Aci Sivri[9] Tyrkland 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in)
Afghan Short Afghanistan 5,000–30,000 Scoville 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) Ræktaður í Afghanistan.
Albino Bullnose[9] Sætur
  Aleppo Sýrland og Tyrkland 15,000 Scoville Ræktaður í Sýrlandi og Tyrklandi og notaður grófmalaður og þurrkaður.
Alma Paprika[9] Ungverjaland 10,000 Scoville Ungversk paprika oft þurrkuð og möluð
  Anaheim[9] Anaheim Bandaríkin 500–2,500 Scoville 15 sm A mild variety of New Mexico chile. It was later brought to California from New Mexico by Emilio Ortega in the 1900s. Often it is used for chile relleno. When mature, it takes on a red color and is referred to as a colorado.
Ancient Sweet 0 Scoville 25–30 cm (10–12 in) long by 3.8–5.1 cm (1.5–2 in) wide Medium tall plant produce heavy loads of extra sweet red in color fruits, plant have white flowers & thin flesh. This variety sets the record for the sweetest pepper with 1.5 times the sweetness of a ripe red bell pepper.
  Banana Waxy 0–500 Scoville 15 cm (5.9 in) Often it is pickled and used as an ingredient in sandwiches; its piquancy is not very hot. Its shape and color resemble a banana.
Barkers Hot
  Beaver Dam[9] Bandaríkin
  Bird's Eye Small hot Suðaustur Asía 50,000–100,000[10] Scoville 4 cm (1.6 in) A Southeast Asian cultivar known by many local names, but generally it is called Thai chili in the United States. It has thin fruit with a pointed tip.
Black Cuban[11]
  Black Hungarian[12] Skraut/

Til matar

Ungverjaland 5,000–10,000 Scoville 5–7 cm (≈ 2–3 in) Grows in a conical shape with a slight curve near the tip.

Starting from green, they ripen first to a slightly shiny deep purple to black which is only skin deep; when you slice one open, the thick flesh of the interior is green. As it continues to ripen, it morphs to red.

Black Pearl Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental plant. Winner of the All-America Selections (AAS) Flower Award in 2006.[13] Dark leaves with berry-shaped fruit.
  Black Prince Skraut Skraut.
Brigadier Blocky Evrópa 0 Scoville 13 cm (5 in) Large, red, blocky hybrid variety with good texture that has disease resistance to Bacterial Leaf Spot and Potato Virus Y. It is adapted to cooler, wetter climates.
Bulgarian Carrot Búlgaria 12,000 Scoville 7.6 cm (3 in)
Bulgarian Ratund 0 Scoville 6.4 cm (2.5 in)
Bullnose Long Sweet Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
California Wonder[11] Blocky Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
  Canary Bell Blocky Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
  Cascabel Mexico 3,000 Scoville 2.5 cm (1 in) The small, round fruit are usually dried, and have a distinct, nutty flavor. The name, Spanish for "rattle" or "jingle bell", derives from the rattling noise made by the seeds inside the dried pod.
  Cayenne (Red)[11] Cayenne Franska Guiana 30,000–50,000 Scoville 13 cm (5 in) This long, thin fruit was transported by the Portuguese to China and India, where it is used widely. Often it is dried and ground into powder.
Charleston Belle Bell Bandaríkin The first nematode-resistant bell pepper. Created in Charleston, South Carolina by the USDA.[14]
  Cherry Pimiento 3,500 Scoville 2.5 cm (1 in) Named for the fruit it resembles, this cultivar's fruit is small, red, and round. It is typically used fresh, or pickled and jarred, and is often used to stuff green olives. It is also called pimento.
Chervena Chuska Búlgaría 0 Scoville 15 cm (6 in) Einnig stafað "Chushka". Mjög sæt.
  Cheongyang langur, sterkur Kórea 10,000 Scoville a medium-sized chilli cultivar, named after Cheongsong and Yeongyang Counties when developed by Dr Yoo Il-Woong(유일웅), by hybridizing local Jejudo chilli with Bird's eye chilli.
  Chilaca Pasilla 1,000–2,000 Scoville 15 cm (5.9 in) Popular in Mexican cuisine, it is almost always encountered dried; in this state, it is referred to as a pasilla. The pasilla has a dark brown color and a smoky flavor.
Chile Rama Nicaragua
  Chiltepin[11] Chiltepin 50,000–100,000 Scoville 0.5 cm (0.20 in) This small, hot fruit is often eaten by birds. The plant is thought to be the ancestor of the cultivated C. annuum peppers. Evidence indicates it has been consumed by humans as far back as 7,500 BC.[15]
Chimayo Bandaríkin 4,000–6,000 Scoville
Chinese Five-Color 5,000–30,000 Scoville 3.5 cm (1.4 in) The fruit starts out purple, then changes to white, yellow, orange, and red. Similar to Bolivian rainbow pepper and 'NuMex Twilight' pepper, it is also called Chinese multicolor pepper.
Chiltoma Grande de Ometepe Nicaragua
Chocolate Beauty Blocky 0 Scoville
Ciliegia Piccante Italy
Coban Red Pimiento Pimiento Guatemala
Corne De Chevre Italian Spain
Corno di Toro Giallo Italian Italy 0 Scoville
Corno di Toro Rosso Italian Italy
Costeno Amarillo[11]
Cowhorn Italian 0–500 Scoville 20 cm (8 in) Plant produces good yields of 20 cm (8 in) long, sweet pepper. Pepper are very sweet and flavorful. Peppers turn from green to red when mature. One of the largest non-bell stuffing peppers.
Criolla De Cocina Pepper Nicaragua
  Cubanelle 1–1,000 Scoville 13 cm (5 in) Medium in thickness, the tapered fruit is green when unripe, but turns red when mature. Often it is fried in Italian cooking.
  Dangjo[16] Kórea Light green or bright yellow chili peppers with mild heat.
  De árbol[11] Mexico 15,000–30,000 Scoville 8 cm (3.1 in) This slender-fruited cultivar is grown primarily in Mexico, its name is Spanish for "from a tree".
Doux D'Espagne Lamuyo 0 Scoville Einnig þekktur sem Spanish Mammoth Pepper.
  Early Jalapeño[11] Jalapeño Bandaríkin 1,000–3,000 Scoville 6 cm (2.4 in) This variety is one of the most popular home-gardening varieties. It matures faster than many jalapeños, and although it may have small peppers, it produces high yields.
Elephant Trunk 5,000–10,000 Scoville 15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 in) long by 2.5 cm (1 in) wide Plant produces good yields of 6–10 inch long by 1 inch wide tapered and wrinkled hot peppers. Pepper resemble an elephant's trunk. They are mild and turn from green to red when mature. Plant has green stems, green leaves, and white flowers. Can be used green or red. A variety from India. Plant Height: 50" tall
Emerald Giant 0 Scoville
Espanola Improved[17] Bandaríkin 2,000–4,000 Scoville
Estaceno Bandaríkin 25 cm (10 in) New Mexican-style chili pepper.
Ethiopian Brown
Etuida Pólland
  Facing Heaven Pimiento Kína 30,000-50,000 Scoville
Filius Blue Skraut Skrautleg með marglitum ávöxtum.
  Fish 5,000–30,000 Scoville
Floral Gem[11]
  Fresno Fresno Bandaríkin 2,500–10,000 Scoville 9 cm (3.5 in) Similar to the jalapeño, but with thinner walls, it is generally used ripe, and has a higher vitamin content. Frequently it is used in ceviche, and is one of the most frequently used chilis in salsa.
Friariello di Napoli Ítalía 0 Scoville
  Friggitelli (Peperoncini) Waxy Ítalía 100–500 Scoville 8 cm (3.1 in) Sweet-tasting and mild, used extensively in Italian and Greek cuisine, very frequently pickled.
Fushimi Japan 0 Scoville 15 cm (6 in)
Gambo
Georgescu Chocolate Rúmenía 0 Scoville 13 cm (5 in)
Goat Horn Lamuyo
Golden Cal Wonder Blocky 0 Scoville
  Golden Cayenne Cayenne 10–15 cm (4–6 in)
Golden Marconi Ítalía 0 Scoville 18 cm (7 in)
Golden Treasures Ítalía 0 Scoville
  Guntur Sannam 35,000–40,000 Scoville It is well known as a commercial crop used as a condiment, culinary supplement, or vegetable.
Hinkelhatz Bandaríkin 2.5–5.1 cm (1–2 in) Einnig þekktur sem Hinkel Hatz eða Hinklehatz.
Hole Mole Bandaríkin 700 Scoville 18–23 cm (7–9 in) 2007 All-America Selection.
Hontaka[11] Asian heirloom.
Horizon Bell Blocky 0 Scoville Medium green to orange-yellow at maturity.
  Hungarian Wax Waxy 2,500–8,000 Scoville This wide, medium-hot variety is used in Hungarian cuisine, frequently pickled. Also it is commonly dried, ground, and presented as "paprika".
  Italian Sweet Langur, sætur Ítalía Used in Spanish cuisine
  Jalapeño Jalapeño Mexíkó 2,500–8,000 Scoville 9 cm (3.5 in) Very popular, especially in the United States, it is often pickled or canned. A smoke-dried ripe jalapeño is referred to as a chipotle.
Japones 15,000–35,000 Scoville Yfirleitt þurrkaður. Flatari og þykkari en arbol chili.
Jigsaw[11] Skraut.
Jimmy Nardello Italian Ítalía 0 Scoville
Joe's Long Cayenne Cayenne 20–25 cm (8–10 in)
Jupiter[11] Blocky 0 Scoville
Jwala Indland 20,000–30,000 Scoville 10 cm (4 in) Einnig þekktur sem Pusa Jwala.
King of the North Blocky 0 Scoville 2.5–5.1 cm (1–2 in) Works well for short-season growers. Productive in northern climates.
Korean Dark Green Small Hot 7.6–10.2 cm (3–4 in)
Krimzon Lee 20 cm (8 in)
Large Red Antigua Guatemala 0 Scoville Also known as the Large Sweet Antigua.
Leutschauer Paprika Ungverjaland
Lilac Bell 0 Scoville
Lipstick Lamuyo 0 Scoville 10 cm (4 in)
Lumbre Bandaríkin } 9,000–10,000 Scoville 13 cm (5 in)
Macho Mexíkó
Mammi Huber's Stuffing Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
Marta Polka Poland 0 Scoville
Maule's Red Hot Bandaríkin 25–30 cm (10–12 in)
  Medusa Skraut It is a sweet, ornamental chili pepper which grows upright and has brightly colored fruit.
Melrose Lamuyo Ítalía 0 Scoville 10 cm (4 in)
Midnight Dreams Bell Blocky 0 Scoville Black ebony-colored bell pepper.
  Miniature Bell Blocky Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
  Mirasol Mexíkó 2,000–5,000[18] Scoville Its dried form is called guajillo,[11][19] and is used to make a red sauce used for tamales.
  Minimum 0.5–1 cm (0.20–0.39 in)
Mora 13 cm (5 in) long by 5.1 cm (2 in) wide A small, purple chili, it is always used dry. It is extremely spicy, and is used as a substitute for chipotle when more powerful spice is needed.
Morita Morita: A variety of the chipotle style of chiles (dried smoked jalapeños).

Not actually a cultivar, a Morita is certain type of jalapeño [hverjir?] at the fully ripened, purplish color (hence the name – mora = 'berry'), and dried when they are leathery but still shiny. Also called mora chile and chipotle colorado (literally 'colored chipotle' but implies 'ruddy', 'rosy', or 'blushing'). Usually smaller – about 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) – after drying.[hverjir?] Usually spicier than the typical chipotle.

  Mulato[11] Poblano Mexíkó 2,500–3,000 Scoville 10 cm (3.9 in) Grown in Mexico, the mulato is a mild to medium chili pepper, closely related to the poblano (ancho), and usually sold dried.
Moshi Tanzanía 5.1 cm (2 in)
  Naschzipfel mildur, sætur
New Mexico No. 6[17] Bandaríkin
New Mexico 6-4[17] Bandaríkin
New Mexico No. 9[17] Bandaríkin
Nippon Taka Japan
NuMex April Fool's Day[11] Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with long, thin pods, fruits mature from purple to red.
NuMex Bailey Piquin[17] Skraut Bandaríkin 97,000 Scoville
NuMex Barker's X-Hot Bandaríkin 9,000–15,000 Scoville 13 cm (5 in)
  NuMex Big Jim[17] Bandaríkin 2,000–4,000 Scoville
  NuMex Centennial[17] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from purple to yellow, orange and finally red.
NuMex Chinese New Year[11] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with bullet-shaped fruits that grow in clusters. Fruits mature from light green to red.
NuMex Christmas[17] Skraut United States Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from green to bright red.
NuMex Cinco de Mayo[11] Ornamental Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with long, thin pods; fruits mature from yellow to red.
NuMex Conquistador[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex Earth Day Bandaríkin
NuMex Easter[11] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods, fruits turning purple–white–red while ripening.
NuMex Eclipse[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex Garnet[17] Anaheim Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
  NuMex Halloween[17] Skraut Bandaríkin 20,000–30,000 Scoville 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) Ornamental chili plant with small, upright, bullet-shaped black pods, fruits turning orange while ripening.
NuMex Heritage 6-4[17] Bandaríkin 3,000–5,000 Scoville
NuMex Jalmundo[11] Jalapeño Bandaríkin 17,000 Scoville 13 cm (5 in)
NuMex Joe E. Parker[17] Anaheim Bandaríkin 2,000–4,000 Scoville
NuMex Las Cruces Cayenne Cayenne Bandaríkin A well yield cayenne cultivar with virus resistance to Beet curly top virus.
NuMex Memorial Day[17] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with small, upright, bullet-shaped pods; colour transitions from pale ivory to yellow.
NuMex Mirasol[17] Bandaríkin Used for cooking in a ground powder and as an ornamental on wreaths.
NuMex Nematador[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex Piñata[17] Skraut Bandaríkin
NuMex Primavera[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex R. Naky[17] Anaheim Bandaríkin 260 Scoville A great mild paprika cultivar.
NuMex Sandia Hot Bandaríkin 7,000–9,000 Scoville 18 cm (7 in)
Picture of NuMex Sandia Select Geymt 4 mars 2016 í Wayback Machine [20] NuMex Sandia Select[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex St. Patrick's Day[17] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from green to orange.
NuMex Sunburst[17] Skraut Bandaríkin
NuMex Sunflare[17] Skraut Bandaríkin
NuMex Sunglo[17] Ornamental Bandaríkin
NuMex Sunrise[17] Ornamental Bandaríkin
NuMex Sunset[17] Bandaríkin
NuMex Sweet[17] Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
NuMex Thanksgiving[17] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from pale ivory to orange.
  NuMex Twilight[17] Skraut Bandaríkin 30,000–50,000 Scoville Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from purple to yellow, orange, and finally red.
NuMex Valentine's Day[17] Skraut Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped pods. Colour transitions from pale ivory to red.
NuMex Vaquero[17] Jalapeño Bandaríkin
NuMex Veteran's Day Bandaríkin Ornamental chili plant with upright, bullet-shaped fruits that grow in clusters. Fruits turn from dark violet to dark orange while ripening.
Oda 0 Scoville
Onza[11] Pasilla Mexíkó Usually dried for sauces and soups.
Orange Bell Pepper Blocky 0 Scoville
Ostra-Cyklon Pólland 11 cm (4.5 in)
Ozark Giant 0 Scoville
Padrón Pasilla Spánn 0 Scoville 2.5–3.8 cm (1–1.5 in) An heirloom variety usually dried and used as spcices in traditional Spanish dishes.
Paradicsom Alaku Sarga Szentes Ungverjaland Pumpkin-shaped fruit.
  Pasilla Bajio Pasilla Mexíkó 1,000–2,000 Scoville
Peperone di Cuneo Ítalía 0 Scoville
Peruvian Purple Perú 2.5 cm (1 in)
  Peter Pepper Ornamental Bandaríkin og Mexíkó 5,000–30,000 Scoville 8–10 cm (3.1–3.9 in) Rare, heirloom-type hot pepper cultivated for its unique shape.
  Peperoncino Cayenne Ítalía 15,000–30,000 Scoville] Generic Italian name for hot chili peppers, specifically the cultivars of the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens.
  Pequin Small Hot Bandaríkin og Mexíkó 100,000–140,000 Scoville Einnig stafað piquín
  Piment d'Espelette[11] Pimiento Baskaland (Frakklandsmegin) 1,500 - 2,500 Scoville Fresh fruits, plants and seeds are known as "Gorria", dried fruits are called "Piment d'Espelette". "Gorria" is the Basque word for "red".

Grown in Espelette since ca. 1650.

  Pimiento De Padrón Pimiento Spánn
  Poblano[11] Poblano Mexico 1,000–2,000 Scoville 13 cm (5.1 in) The large, heart-shaped, dark green fruit is extremely popular in Mexico, often to make chile relleno. When dried, it is referred to as an ancho or mulato.
Polostra-Rokita Pepper 30,000–50,000 Scoville
  Prairie Fire Ornamental Bandaríkin 70,000 Scoville
  Prik Kee Nu Small Hot Taíland 50,000–100,000 Scoville 3 cm (1.2 in) One of many cultivars called Thai pepper, it has very short fruit, and is very hot.[7] Snið:Lang-th, Snið:RTGS, Snið:IPA-th, literal: Mouse/rat dropping chili.
  Purple Flash Skraut Skraut
Purple Jalapeño Jalapeño Jalapeño-like pepper that turns purple before ripening and becoming red.
Puya Mexíkó 5,000 Scoville[21] Capsicum annuum L.,[22] hot, medium-size, green to red, and tapered[23] Also known as a 'Pulla'.
Purple Beauty Blocky Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
Quadrato d'Asti Rosso Blocky Ítalía 0 Scoville
Ram Horn Fireboy Lamuyo Ungverjaland 35,000 Scoville 18 cm (7 in)
Red Belgian Belgía 8.9 cm (3.5 in)
Red Cheese Long sweet 0 Scoville
Red Marconi Long Sweet Ítalía 0 Scoville 18 cm (7 in)
Red Mini Bell Blocky 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Rezha Macedonian Makedónía
Ring of Fire 50,000 Scoville
Rio Grande 21[17] Bandaríkin
Rooster Spur 5.1 cm (2 in)
Santa Fe Grande[11] Fresno The Santa Fe Grande is a very prolific variety used in the Southwestern United States. The conical, blunt fruits ripen from greenish-yellow, to orange-yellow to red. The peppers grow upright on 24-in plants. Santa Fe Grande has a slightly sweet taste and is fairly mild in pungency.
Sandia[17] Bandaríkin
Santaka[11] Heirloom Asian chili.
  Serrano[11] Serrano Mexíkó 10,000–23,000 Scoville 5 cm (2.0 in) The thin, tapered fruit turns red when mature. Due to its thin skin, it does not need to be peeled before use.
Serrano Tampiqueño Serrano Bandaríkin 15,000–25,000 Scoville 5.7 cm (2.25 in)
Sheepnose Pimento Pimiento Bandaríkin 0 Scoville
Shishito Japan
Sigaretta di Bergamo Ítalía 0 Scoville
Siling Mahaba Filippseyjar A chili pepper grown in the Philippines, and a popular ingredient in Filipino Cuisine
Spanish Piquillo[11] Spánn
Sport Pepper Bandaríkin 300–500 Scoville 4 sm Superficially resembling both Tabasco and serrano peppers, the sport pepper is its own distinct cultivar[24][25] that is much milder than either of those. It is commonly pickled and used in Southern cooking and on Chicago-style hot dogs.
Super Chili[26] 40,000–50,000 Scoville Long and thin. Grows from green to red.
Sweet Chocolate 0 Scoville
Sweet Red Stuffing Pepper Long Sweet Bandaríkin 0 Scoville 2.5–5.1 cm (1–2 in)
Sweet Yellow Stuffing Pepper Long Sweet Bandaríkin 0 Scoville 2.5–5.1 cm (1–2 in)
Syrian Goat Horn 18–20 cm (7–8 in)
Syrian Three Sided Syria 15–20 cm (6–8 in)
Takanotsume[11]
Tangerine Dream 7.6 cm (3 in)
Tam Jalapeño Jalapneo 1,000–1,500 Scoville Similar to a jalapeño, but with significantly less heat.
Tequila 0 Scoville Purple bell variety, not to be confused with the Tequila Sunrise, which is yellow.
Tequila Sunrise Pepper 1000–5000 Scoville 15–17 cm (6–6.5 in) Pastel orange in color.
Tiburon Pepper 2,000 Scoville Hybrid improvement of the poblano pepper. Resistant to bacterial spot and tobacco mosaic virus.
Topepo Rosso 0 Scoville
Thai Yellow Chili Small, hot Golden yellow version of the Bird's Eye (Thai) chili.
  Thunder Mountain Longhorn Complex flavor with very mild heat Kína 30–38 cm (12–15 in)
Tochiigi Santaka - 栃木三鷹 Lítill, sterkur Japan 40,000–50,000 Scoville 2.5 cm (1 in) Mjög algengur í japanskri matseld.
Tunisian Baklouti Túnis
Tien Tsin Kína 50,000–75,000 Scoville
  Thai Bird Lítill, sterkur Taíland 3,000- 7,000 Scoville Open-pollinated variety with long, thin erect fruit that mature to red. Used especially in thai dishes. Can be used fresh or dried. Exceptional flavor and spiciness.
Violet Sparkle 0 Scoville
  White Cloud Blocky Bandaríkin 0 Scoville An heirloom ivory colored bell pepper when immature, that matures to red-orange. It has a sweet, mild flavor that bears fruit on an upright, compact plant.
White Lakes Pepper Rússland 0 Scoville
Yellow Monster Blocky 20 cm (8 in)
Yolo Wonder Blocky

Capsicum baccatum

breyta

Þessir hefa einkennandi ávaxtabragð, og eru oft malaðir í skrautlegt duft í matseld.

Capsicum baccatum
Mynd Nafn Uppruni Styrkur Stærð belgs Lýsing
Ají Amarillo
Ají Brazilian Red Pumpkin
Ají Criolla Sella Bolivia 30,000 - 40,000 Scoville 5.1–7.6 cm (2–3 in) Thin yellow fruits.
Ají Crystal Chile 2.5–9 cm (0.98–3.54 in)
Ají Omnicolor[11] 50,000 Scoville This multi-colored plant produces orange, red, purple and ivory chilis.
Ají Pineapple
Atomic Starfish
  Bishop's Crown 10,000–30,000 Scoville 6 sm C. baccatum strain from Barbados. Medium hot pods have a unique shape which resembles the hat of a Bishop. Sturdy plants, can be grown as perennials. Also known as bishops hat, orchid, ají flor, monks hat.
Christmas Bell[11]
  Lemon drop 30,000–50,000 Scoville 4 cm (1.6 in) Very productive C. baccatum variety. Pods are thin walled and have a fruity taste with medium heat.
  Piquanté 1,000–2,000 Scoville 2 sm Mild, sweet and tangy flavour, usable in many dishes
  Praetermissum Brazil 0.5–1 cm (0.20–0.39 in) Nowadays regarded as wild form on its own, not as Capsicum baccatum
  Rain Forest Brazil 0.5–0.6 cm (0.20–0.24 in)
Sugar Rush Peach

Capsicum chinense

breyta

Capsicum chinense er í raun rangnefni þar sem allar Capsicum tegundir eru upprunnar frá Ameríku. Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), Hollenskur grasafræðingur, nefndi tegundina þannig 1776 vegna þess að hann hélt að hún væri upprunnin í Kína.

Capsicum chinense
Mynd Nafn Uppruni Styrkur Belgstærð Lýsing
7 Pod Trinidad 1,000,000 Scoville
7 Pot Douglah Trinidad 923,000–1,853,396 Scoville
7 Pot Jonah Trinidad Breytist úr grænum í rautt við þroska.
7 Pot Jonah Yellow Trinidad Yellow color and a more fruity flavor than the normal 7 Pot Jonah.
7 Pot Long Lengri og stærri en aðrir 7 Pot peppers.
7 Pot Primo Yellow Australia Verður gulur.
  7 Pot White Trinidad Þroskast úr grænum í hvítt.
  Adjuma 100,000–500,000 Scoville Mjög sterkur, upphaflega ræktaður í Surínam
  Ají Dulce 0–50 Scoville
Aribibi Gusano Bolivia 10,000 - 30,000 Scoville 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) Smá, krumpuð aldin, liturinn breytist frá ljósgrænum í beinhvítan eða fölgulan við þroska. Mikið ávaxtabragð. Einnig þekktur sem Arivivi Gusano eða Caterpillar Pepper.
Bahamian Goat Pepper Bahamas
  Bhut Jolokia[11] 1,500,000 (allt að) Scoville 6 sm} This cultivar originated in Northeast India, and was once confirmed by Guinness World Records to be the hottest pepper. Þetta er tegundablendingur, aðallega C. chinense með C. frutescens gen. Einnig þekktur sem naga jolokia og ghost pepper.
Cachucha
Cajamarca
  Caribbean Red[11] Mexíkó 445,000 Scoville
  Carolina Reaper United States 1,569,300–2,200,000 [27] Scoville Einstaklega sterkur sílípipar, [28]
Chocolate Habanero 300,000–425,000 Scoville Brúnt afbrigði af hefðbundnum Habanero, en mun sterkari.
  Chupetinha
  Datil[11] 100,000–300,000 Scoville A very hot chili; primarily grown in Florida
Devil's Tongue Red 250,000–500,000 Scoville
Devil's Tongue Yellow United States 125,000–325,000 Scoville
Dorset Naga England 1,000,000–1,500,000 Scoville
  Fatalii 125,000–325,000 Scoville 6 sm Grown in central and southern Africa, it is very similar in appearance to and often confused with the devil's tongue habanero.
  Habanero[11] 100,000–350,000 Scoville 5 sm Once considered to be the hottest chili pepper, the habanero has been surpassed by other hot varieties, but it is nonetheless hotter than most commonly available cultivars. The habanero has a subtle, fruity flavour and a floral aroma. It is closely related to many of the other very hot peppers, including the bhut jolokia from India, and the Scotch bonnet, Trinidad Scorpion Butch T, and Trinidad Moruga Scorpion peppers from the Caribbean. Disseminated to China over 500 years ago by Spanish and Portuguese explorers, it became so much a part of Chinese cuisine, botanists who found it in China thought it was native to the area and thus named this species Capsicum chinense, based on the habaneros from China.
  Hainan yellow lantern 300,000 Scoville 5 cm × 3 cm (2.0 in × 1.2 in) Also known as the yellow emperor chili, it grows only in Hainan, China.
  Halloween Ghost
Infinity chili 1,176,182 Scoville [note 1]
Lemon Yellow Habanero
  Madame Jeanette 100,000–350,000 Scoville Originally cultivated in Suriname
Mustard Habanero Bandaríkin Habanero variety, the colour is mustard yellow.
Naga Morich Bangladesh og Indland 1,000,000 Scoville
  Naga Viper England 1,382,118 Scoville
  NuMex Suave Orange[11] United States 800 Scoville Very little heat, yet with a habanero taste.
NuMex Suave Red[11] United States 800 Scoville Similar to a habanero in taste, yet with very little heat.
  Pimenta da Neyde Brasil 150,000–250,000 Scoville
Peach Habanero Peach coloured variety of the classic habanero.
Red Savina Bandaríkin 200,000–580,000 Scoville
  Scotch Bonnet 150,000–325,000 Scoville 5 cm (2.0 in) Named because of its resemblance to a Tam o' Shanter, this fruit is closely related to the habanero and is similarly hot. Due to its heat and distinct flavour, it is often used in Caribbean cuisine.
  Trinidad Moruga Scorpion[11] 2,000,000 Scoville (allt að) former World-record holder for hottest chili as of 2012
Trinidad Scorpion[11]
  Trinidad Scorpion 'Butch T' 1,400,000 Scoville (allt að) Former world-record hottest chili.
White Habanero 2.5–5.1 cm (1–2 in) Also known as the Peruvian White Habanero Pepper.
Yucatán White Habanero Mexico 200,000–500,000 Scoville

Capsicum frutescens

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Stundum talinn sama tegund og C. annuum

Capsicum frutescens
Mynd Nafn Uppruni Styrkur Stærð belgs Lýsing
  African Birdseye 50,000–175,000 Scoville 2.5 cm (1 in) Also known as piri piri, it is common in Portuguese, Mozambican, and Angolan cuisines.
  Kambuzi Malawi Kambuzi is a small, round chili pepper cultivar that is found in central region of Malawi, a landlocked country in southeast Africa.
  Siling Labuyo 80,000–100,000 Scoville 2.5 cm (1 in) A small, cone-shaped cultivar grown in the Philippines.
  Tabasco 30,000–50,000 Scoville 4 cm (1.6 in) Used in Tabasco sauce. The fruit is only used when it is a particular red color measured with “le petit bâton rouge”.[30]

Capsicum pubescens

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Capsicum pubescens er ein elsta ræktaða Capsicum tegundin, og er með amk 5000 ár ræktunarsögu.[heimild vantar] Hann er líklega náskyldur villtum tegundum í Suður Ameríku (C. cardenasii, C. eximium, og öðrum).

Capsicum pubescens
Mynd Nafn Uppruni Styrkur Stærð belgs Lýsing
Canário Peru 30,000–50,000 Scoville 6,5 sm Canário is a medium hot C. pubescens variety. Thick walled pods are dark yellow, when fully ripe and have the size of a small apple. This South American strain trives well under cool growing conditions and can be grown as a perennial.
  Rocoto Peru, Bolivia 30,000–100,000[31] Scoville Also known as a Manzano pepper,[32] although there are a lot of other Rocoto varieties. Rocoto Manzano is only one of them. "Manzano" is the Spanish word for "apple", it describes the fruits' shape.

Sometimes Rocoto is known as 'Locoto'.

Sjá einnig

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Athugasemdir

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  1. ↑ Contested as being the result of testing a single specimen and thus not establishing a consistent result for a cultivar.[29]

Tilvísanir

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  1. ↑ „introducing the capsicum to the world“. World Of Chillies. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 21 janúar 2015. Sótt 7. febrúar 2015.
  2. ↑ USDA-ARS GRIN pepper seed collection, Experiment, Georgia
  3. ↑ Jarret, Robert L. „DNA Barcoding in a Crop Genebank: The Capsicum annuum Species Complex“. The Open Biology Journal. 1 (1): 35–42. doi:10.2174/1874196700801010035.
  4. ↑ „The Plant List“. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 4. júní 2013. Sótt 26. júní 2018.
  5. ↑ USDA GRIN Taxonomy, Taxon: Capsicum chinense Jacq., afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 5 júlí 2018, sótt 6. janúar 2017
  6. ↑ USDA GRIN Taxonomy, Taxon: Capsicum frutescens Jacq., afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 7 janúar 2017, sótt 6. janúar 2017
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Dave DeWitt and Paul W. Bosland (2009). The Complete Chile Pepper Book: A Gardener's Guide to Choosing, Growing, Preserving, and Cooking. Timber Press. ISBN 978-0881929201.
  8. ↑ „Capsicum frutescens L.“. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Sótt 19 Jul 2015.
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 „Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners“. Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners. Cornell University. Sótt 21. maí 2015.
  10. ↑ „Bird's Eye Chili Peppers“. Chili Pepper Madness. Sótt 7. febrúar 2015.
  11. ↑ 11,00 11,01 11,02 11,03 11,04 11,05 11,06 11,07 11,08 11,09 11,10 11,11 11,12 11,13 11,14 11,15 11,16 11,17 11,18 11,19 11,20 11,21 11,22 11,23 11,24 11,25 11,26 11,27 11,28 11,29 11,30 11,31 11,32 11,33 11,34 11,35 „The Chile Pepper Institute Merchandise Catalog“ (PDF). The Chile Pepper Institute. New Mexico State University. Afrit af upprunalegu (PDF) geymt þann 23. september 2015. Sótt 21. maí 2015.
  12. ↑ „Black Hungarian Pepper“. PepperScale. Sótt 24. apríl 2018.
  13. ↑ „New Ornamental Pepper Wins Prestigious Award“. The United States National Arboretum. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 18 mars 2015. Sótt 5. febrúar 2015.
  14. ↑ „Charleston Belle Pepper“. Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 6 febrúar 2015. Sótt 6. febrúar 2015.
  15. ↑ Gil-Jurado, A. T., Il senso del chile e del piccante: dalla traduzione culturale alla rappresentazione visiva in (G. Manetti, ed.), Semiofood: Communication and Culture of Meal, Centro Scientifico Editore, Torino, Italy, 2006:34–58
  16. ↑ Park, Mi-Sung; Zhu, Ya Xin; Pae, Hyun-Ock; Park, Seong Hoon (9. mars 2016). „In Vitro and In Vivo α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Effects of the Water Extract of Leaves of Pepper (Capcicum Annuum L. Cultivar Dangjo) and the Active Constituent Luteolin 7-O-Glucoside“. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 40 (5): 696–703. doi:10.1111/jfbc.12252. Sótt 3. febrúar 2018.
  17. ↑ 17,00 17,01 17,02 17,03 17,04 17,05 17,06 17,07 17,08 17,09 17,10 17,11 17,12 17,13 17,14 17,15 17,16 17,17 17,18 17,19 17,20 17,21 17,22 17,23 17,24 17,25 17,26 17,27 17,28 17,29 17,30 17,31 17,32 17,33 „The Chile Cultivars of New Mexico State University“ (PDF). The Chile Pepper Institute. New Mexico State University. Afrit af upprunalegu (PDF) geymt þann 23. september 2015. Sótt 21. maí 2015.
  18. ↑ „Mirasol Chili Peppers“. Chili Pepper Madness. Sótt 5. febrúar 2015.
  19. ↑ Jean Andrews (2005). The Peppers Cookbook: 200 Recipes from the Pepper Lady's Kitchen. University of North Texas Press. bls. 14. ISBN 9781574411935.
  20. ↑ „Geymd eintak“. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 2. júlí 2017. Sótt 26. júní 2018.
  21. ↑ „The Scoville Heat Measurement Chart“. Wiw.org. Sótt 29. febrúar 2012.
  22. ↑ „Selective Enzyme-Mediated Extraction of Capsaicinoids and Carotenoids from Chili Guajillo Puya (Capsicum annuum L.) Using Ethanol as Solvent“. Oocities.org. Sótt 29. febrúar 2012.
  23. ↑ „Salsa Garden cubit: Salsa Garden Pepper Database: Puya, Capsicum annuum (Hot Pepper)“. Cubits.org. 12. maí 2010. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 18. mars 2012. Sótt 29. febrúar 2012.
  24. ↑ „What Are Sport Peppers?“. Fireyfoods.com. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 2. ágúst 2013. Sótt 12. ágúst 2013.
  25. ↑ „SPORT“. Tomato Growers Supply Company. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 10. mars 2014. Sótt 12. ágúst 2013.
  26. ↑ „Super Chili Chili Peppers“. Chili Pepper Madness. Sótt 7. febrúar 2015.
  27. ↑ Hallock, Betty. „World's hottest pepper hits 2.2 million Scoville heat units“. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Sótt 11. júlí 2014.
  28. ↑ „Hottest chili“. Guinness World Records. Sótt 11. júlí 2014.
  29. ↑ Paul Adams (7. júlí 2011). „FYI: What is the Hottest Pepper in the World?“. Popular Science. Sótt 12. október 2016.
  30. ↑ „How We Make Original Red Sauce | TABASCO® Products | TABASCO.com“. TABASCO.com. Sótt 1. apríl 2016.
  31. ↑ „Which Chile Peppers are Which?“. About Travel. Afrit af upprunalegu geymt þann 5 febrúar 2015. Sótt 5. febrúar 2015.
  32. ↑ „Rocoto Chili Peppers“. Chile Pepper Madness. Sótt 7. febrúar 2015.

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