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[[Mynd:Syrian,_Iraqi,_and_Lebanese_insurgencies.png|thumb|right|Kort sem sýnir yfirráðasvæði Íslamska ríkisins (grátt) í september 2015]]
'''Íslamskt ríki í Írak og Austurlöndum nær''' ([[arabíska]]: الدولة الإسلامية في العراق والشام ''ad-Dawlah al-Islāmiyah fī 'l-ʿIrāq wa-sh-Shām'', skammstafað ''Daesh'') eða einfaldlega '''Íslamska ríkið''', '''ISIL''' eða '''ISIS''', eru öfgasinnuð [[salafismi|salafísk]] skæruliðasamtök sem hafa lýst yfir stofnun [[súnní]]-[[íslam]]sks [[ríkis]] og [[kalífadæmi]]s. Samtökin ráða yfir stóru landsvæði í [[Írak]] og [[Sýrland]]i þar sem búa um tíu milljónir manna og ræður auk þess að nafninu til yfir litlum svæðum í [[Líbýa|Líbýu]] og [[Nígería|Nígeríu]]. Samtökin hafa verið virk í [[Uppreisnin í Írak (2003-)|Uppreisninni í Írak]] og [[Sýrlenska borgarastyrjöldin|Sýrlensku borgarastyrjöldinni]]. Skæruliðasamtök í Líbýu, [[Alsír]], [[Afganistan]], [[Jemen]] og [[Nígería|Nígeríu]] hafa lýst yfir hollustu við Íslamska ríkið.
[[Sameinuðu þjóðirnar]] hafa sakað Íslamska ríkið um [[stríðsglæpir|stríðsglæpi]] og [[mannréttindabrot]] og [[Amnesty International]] hefur talað um [[þjóðernishreinsanir]] á „sögulegum skala“. Fjöldi ríkja, Sameinuðu þjóðirnar og [[Evrópusambandið]] hafa lýst samtökin [[hryðjuverk]]asamtök. Yfir 60 lönd eiga beint eða óbeint í stríði við Íslamska ríkið.
==Uppgangur==
Íslamska ríkið kom fram á sjónarsviðið árið 2014 þegar það lagði undir sig stór landssvæði í Írak og Sýrlandi.
northern city of Mosul, and then advanced southwards towards Baghdad, Í júní lýsti það yfir að það hefði stofnað kalífadæmi þar sem þeirra túlkanir á [[sharíalög]]um væru í gildi.
IS can trace its roots back to the late Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a Jordanian. In 2004, a year after the US-led invasion of Iraq, Zarqawi pledged allegiance to Osama Bin Laden and formed al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), which became a major force in the insurgency.AQI created an umbrella organisation, Islamic State in Iraq (ISI).Baghdadi, a former US detainee, became leader in 2010In April 2013, Baghdadi announced the merger of his forces in Iraq and Syria and the creation of "Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant" (Isis). The leaders of al-Nusra and al-Qaeda rejected the moveDecember 2013, Isis shifted its focus back to Iraq and exploited a political stand-off between the Shia-led government and the minority Sunni Arab community. Aided by tribesmen and former Saddam Hussein loyalists, Isis took control of the central city of Falluja.
Similarly, it is not entirely clear how many people are living under full or partial IS control across Syria and Iraq. In March 2015, the president of the International Committee of the Red Cross put the figure at more than 10 million.
In late 2015, IS began to lay claim to attacks outside its territory. An Egyptian affiliate, Sinai Province, said it downed a Russian passenger plane in the Sinai peninsula, killing all 228 on board. It gave no details, but the UK and US later said it was likely that a bomb caused the crash - whether or not a bomber was linked to IS.
IS also claimed twin blasts in the Lebanese capital Beirut which killed at least 41 people. Militants from the Lebanese movement Hezbollah have been fighting in neighbouring Syria on the side of IS' enemy, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
And then on 13 November, at least 128 people were killed in a wave of attacks around Paris. IS said it was behind the violence - French President Francois Hollande described it as "an act of war".
==áherslur?==
Íslamska ríkið hefur krafist að allir múslimar sverji hollustu við leiðtoga sinn, [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]]. ISIS vill endurvekja yfirráð Guðs á jörðu og vernda múslima gegn villutrúarmönnum.
Inside areas where IS has implemented its strict interpretation of Sharia, women are forced to wear full veils, public beheadings are common and non-Muslims are forced to choose between paying a special tax, converting or death.IS members are jihadists who adhere to an extreme interpretation of Sunni Islam and consider themselves the only true believers
They hold that the rest of the world is made up of unbelievers who seek to destroy Islam, justifying attacks against other Muslims and non-Muslims alike.
Beheadings, crucifixions and mass shootings have been used to terrorise their enemies.
==Tilvísanir==
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[[Flokkur:Hryðjuverkasamtök]]
[[Flokkur:Sýrlenska borgarastyrjöldin]]
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