Flögudýr

Flögudýr; Tímabil steingervinga: Miðtrías-nútíma
	; Trichoplax adhaerens
Vísindaleg flokkun
Veldi:	Heilkjörnungar (Eukaryota);
(óraðað)	Filozoa;
Ríki:	Dýraríki (Animalia);
Fylking:	Placozoa;
Einkennistegund
	Trichoplax adhaerens;
Classes
	Classis Polyplacotomia Ordo Polyplacotomea Familia Polyplacotomidae; ; ; Classis Uniplacotomia Ordo Trichoplacea Familia Trichoplacidae; ; Ordo Cladhexea Ólýstar tegundir; ; Ordo Hoilungea Familia Cladtertiidae; Familia Hoilungidae; ; ;

Flögudýr (Placozoa^[3]) er fylking sjávardýra sem lifa sjálfstætt (ekki sníkjulífi).^[4] Þau eru samsett úr einfaldri þyrpingu fruma, án sérstakra líffæra eða líkamshluta. Þau nota bifhárahreyfingu til að færa sig til í vatni, nærast með agnaáti þar sem þau umlykja fæðuna, og fjölga sér með klofnun eða knappskotum. Þeim hefur verið lýst sem einföldustu dýrum jarðar.^[5] Sameindagreiningar styðja þá kenningu að flögudýr séu einföldustu dýr jarðar,^[6]^[7] og frumstæðasta fylking vefdýra.^[8]

Tilvísanir

↑ Knaust, Dirk. „A microbialite with its entombed benthic community from the Middle Triassic (Anisian-Ladinian) Muschelcalk Group of Germany“.
↑ Tessler, Michael; Neumann, Johannes S.; Kamm, Kai; Osigus, Hans-Jürgen; Eshel, Gil; Narechania, Apurva; Burns, John A.; DeSalle, Rob; Schierwater, Bernd (8. desember 2022). „Phylogenomics and the first higher taxonomy of Placozoa, an ancient and enigmatic animal phylum“. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10. doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.1016357.
↑ Rüdiger Wehner & Walter Gehring (júní 2007). Zoologie (þýska) (24th. útgáfa). Stuttgart: Thieme. bls. 696.
↑ Kamm, Kai; Schierwater, Bernd; DeSalle, Rob (2019). „Innate immunity in the simplest animals - placozoans“. BMC Genomics. 20 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/s12864-018-5377-3. PMC 6321704. PMID 30611207.
↑ Pennisi, Elizabeth (2021). „The simplest of slumbers“. Science. 374 (6567): 526–529. doi:10.1126/science.acx9444. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 34709907. S2CID 240154099.
↑ Neumann, Johannes S.; DeSalle, Tessler; DeSalle, Rob; Michael, Bernd (2021). „Modern invertebrate systematics“. Í Schierwater, Bernd; DeSalle, Rob (ritstjórar). Invertebrate Zoology: A Tree of Life Approach (enska). CRC Press. bls. 71. doi:10.1201/9780429159053. ISBN 978-1-4822-3582-1. S2CID 260730525.
↑ Kawashima, Takeshi; Yoshida, Masa-Aki; Miyazawa, Hideyuki; Nakano, Hiroaki; Nakano, Natumi; Sakamoto, Tatsuya; Hamada, Mayuko (2022). „Observing Phylum-Level Metazoan Diversity by Environmental DNA Analysis at the Ushimado Area in the Seto Inland Sea“. Zoological Science. 39 (1): 157–165. doi:10.2108/zs210073. ISSN 0289-0003. PMID 35107003. S2CID 246297787.
↑ Schierwater, Bernd; Eitel, Michael (2015), Wanninger, Andreas (ritstjóri), „Placozoa“, Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 1 (enska), Vienna: Springer Vienna, bls. 107–114, doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1862-7_5, ISBN 978-3-7091-1861-0, sótt 2. júní 2023

[Knaust_2021-1] Knaust, Dirk. „A microbialite with its entombed benthic community from the Middle Triassic (Anisian-Ladinian) Muschelcalk Group of Germany“.

[Tessler_et_al_2022-2] Tessler, Michael; Neumann, Johannes S.; Kamm, Kai; Osigus, Hans-Jürgen; Eshel, Gil; Narechania, Apurva; Burns, John A.; DeSalle, Rob; Schierwater, Bernd (8. desember 2022). „Phylogenomics and the first higher taxonomy of Placozoa, an ancient and enigmatic animal phylum“. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10. doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.1016357.

[3] Rüdiger Wehner & Walter Gehring (júní 2007). Zoologie (þýska) (24th. útgáfa). Stuttgart: Thieme. bls. 696.

[4] Kamm, Kai; Schierwater, Bernd; DeSalle, Rob (2019). „Innate immunity in the simplest animals - placozoans“. BMC Genomics. 20 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/s12864-018-5377-3. PMC 6321704. PMID 30611207.

[5] Pennisi, Elizabeth (2021). „The simplest of slumbers“. Science. 374 (6567): 526–529. doi:10.1126/science.acx9444. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 34709907. S2CID 240154099.

[6] Neumann, Johannes S.; DeSalle, Tessler; DeSalle, Rob; Michael, Bernd (2021). „Modern invertebrate systematics“. Í Schierwater, Bernd; DeSalle, Rob (ritstjórar). Invertebrate Zoology: A Tree of Life Approach (enska). CRC Press. bls. 71. doi:10.1201/9780429159053. ISBN 978-1-4822-3582-1. S2CID 260730525.

[7] Kawashima, Takeshi; Yoshida, Masa-Aki; Miyazawa, Hideyuki; Nakano, Hiroaki; Nakano, Natumi; Sakamoto, Tatsuya; Hamada, Mayuko (2022). „Observing Phylum-Level Metazoan Diversity by Environmental DNA Analysis at the Ushimado Area in the Seto Inland Sea“. Zoological Science. 39 (1): 157–165. doi:10.2108/zs210073. ISSN 0289-0003. PMID 35107003. S2CID 246297787.

[8] Schierwater, Bernd; Eitel, Michael (2015), Wanninger, Andreas (ritstjóri), „Placozoa“, Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 1 (enska), Vienna: Springer Vienna, bls. 107–114, doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1862-7_5, ISBN 978-3-7091-1861-0, sótt 2. júní 2023

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