Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger

Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger (23 Apríl 1867 – 30 Janúar 1928) war danskur læknir og prófessor í 'anatómískri sjúkdómafræði' - anatomical pathology - við Hafnarháskóla

Hlaut hann læknanóbelinn 1926 fyrir rannsóknir á tengslum þráðorma við krabbamein. Síndi hann fram á að þráðormur sá sem hann nefndi Spiroptera Carcinoma en hét með réttu Gongylonema neoplasticum gæti orsakað krabbamein í maga í músum og rottum. Sumar af niðurstöðum hans reyndur síðar ekki ekki réttar ályktanir af fyrirliggjandi gögnum.

While working at the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of University of Copenhagen, Fibiger discovered new roundworms in 1907 from wild rats. He suspected that the roundworms were responsible stomach cancer in those rats. In 1913 he reported that he could experimentally induce cancer in healthy rats using the roundworms. His discovery was considered "the greatest contribution to experimental medicine" at the time. In 1926 he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Katsusaburo Yamagiwa, who had experimentally induced carcinoma by painting crude coal tar on the inner surface of rabbits' ears in 1915. But they were considered undeserving, and the 1926 prize was not given. But in the next year Fibiger alone was retrospectively chosen for the 1926 Nobel Prize.

After his death, independent researches proved that G. neoplasticum cannot cause cancer. Tumours and cancer produced by Fibiger were due to vitamin A deficiency. Historical reassessment of Fibiger's data revealed that he had mistaken non-cancerous tumours for cancerous tumours.

Rannsóknaraðferð hans við athuganir á barnaveiki er talinn uppruni mikilvægrar rannsóknaraðferðar í læknisfræði svonefnt controlled clinical trial.